Benzene | 71-43-2/174973-66-1/54682-86-9
Xogta Jirka ee Alaabta:
| Magaca Alaabta | Benzene |
| Guryaha | dareere hufan oo aan midab lahayn oo leh ur udgoon oo xooggan |
| Meesha dhalaalaysa°C) | 5.5 |
| Barta karkarinta°C) | 80.1 |
| Cufnaanta qaraabada (Biyaha=1) | 0.88 |
| Cufnaanta uumiga qaraabada (hawo=1) | 2.77 |
| Cadaadiska uumiga oo buuxa (kPa) | 9.95 |
| Kulaylka gubashada (kJ/mol) | -3264.4 |
| Heerkulka daran (°C) | 289.5 |
| Cadaadis halis ah (MPa) | 4.92 |
| Octanol/qaybinta qaybinta biyaha | 2.15 |
| Barta toosh (°C) | -11 |
| Heerkulka dabka (°C) | 560 |
| Xadka qaraxa sare (%) | 8.0 |
| Xadka qaraxa hoose (%) | 1.2 |
| Solubility | Aan ku milmin biyaha, ku milma inta badan dareerayaasha organic sida ethanol, ether, acetone, iwm. |
Guryaha Alaabta:
1.Benzene waa mid ka mid ah alaabta ceeriin ee aasaasiga ah ee ugu muhiimsan iyo waa wakiil ka mid ah hydrocarbons udgoon. Waxay leedahay qaab-dhismeedka giraanta oo deggan oo lix xubnood ka kooban.
2. Dareen-celinta kiimikaad ee ugu muhiimsan waa isku-dar, beddelaad iyo fal-celin-fure-ring. Marka la eego ficilka sulfuric acid iyo nitric acid, way fududahay in nitrobenzene lagu dhaliyo falcelinta beddelka. Ku fal celi sulfuric acid ama qiiqa sulfuric acid si aad u samayso benzenesulfonic acid. Halides birta ah sida ferric chloride sida kicinta, falcelinta halogenation waxay ku dhacdaa heerkulka hoose si loo soo saaro benzene halogenated. Iyada oo trichloride aluminium ah sida kicinta, falcelinta alkylation leh olefins iyo hydrocarbons halogenated si ay u sameeyaan alkylbenzene; falcelinta acylation leh anhydride acid iyo acyl chloride si ay u sameeyaan acylbenzene. Marka ay jirto koronto-dhaliye vanadium oxide, benzene waxaa oksaydhsiiya oksijiin ama hawo si ay u sameeyaan anhydride lab ah. Benzene kuleyl ilaa 700 ° C dildilaaca dhacaya, abuurista kaarboon, hydrogen iyo xaddi yar oo methane iyo ethylene iyo wixii la mid ah. Isticmaalka platinum iyo nikkel sida kicinta, falcelinta hydrogenation ayaa la sameeyaa si loo soo saaro cyclohexane. Iyadoo zinc chloride uu yahay kicinta, falcelinta chloromethylation with formaldehyde iyo hydrogen chloride si loo soo saaro benzyl chloride. Laakiin giraanta benzene waa mid aad u deggan, tusaale ahaan, oo leh nitric acid, potassium permanganate, dichromate iyo oksaydhiyeyaasha kale kama falceliyaan.
3.Waxay leedahay hanti refractive sare iyo dhadhan caraf udgoon oo xoog leh, olol iyo sun ah. Ku qallafsanaan kara ethanol, ether, acetone, carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide iyo acetic acid, oo biyo yar ku milmay. Aan daxaloobayn biraha, laakiin heerka hoose ee benzene oo ay ku jiraan wasakhyada baaruudda ee naxaasta iyo biraha qaarkood waxay leeyihiin saamayn daxalaysa. Benzene dareere ah wuxuu leeyahay saameyn hoos u dhigid, waxaa nuugi kara maqaarka iyo sunta, markaa waa inaad iska ilaalisaa taabashada maqaarka.
4.Vapour iyo hawo si ay u sameeyaan isku dhafka qarxa, xadka qaraxa ee 1.5% -8.0% (mugga).
5. Xasilooni: Xasilooni
6.Waxyaabaha mamnuuca ah:SHalogens, oksijiin, acids
7. Khatarta polymerisation:Aan ahayn polymerisation
Codsiga Alaabta:
Walxaha asaasiga ah ee kiimikaad, oo loo isticmaalo sida dareeraha iyo kuwa laga soo saaro benzene synthetic, uunsiga, midabaynta, balaastikada, daawooyinka, walxaha qarxa, caag, iwm.
Qoraalada Kaydinta Alaabta:
1. Ku kaydi bakhaar qabow oo hawo leh.
2. Ka fogow dabka iyo isha kulaylka.
3. Heerkulka kaydinta waa in aanu dhaafin 37°C.
4.Ka ilaali weelka oo xiran.
5.Waa in si gooni ah loo kaydiyaa maaddooyinka oksida, oo waa in aan waligiis la isku qasin.
6.Isticmaal nalalka aan qarxin iyo tas-hiilaadka hawo-siinta.
7. Mamnuuci isticmaalka qalabka farsamada iyo qalabka si fudud loo dhalin karo.
8.Aagga kaydinta waa in lagu qalabeeyaa qalab daawaynta degdega ah ee daadsan iyo agab hoy oo ku habboon.
