Glycerin |56-81-5
Xogta Jirka ee Alaabta:
| Magaca Alaabta | Glycerin |
| Guryaha | Dareere aan midab lahayn, oo aan ur lahayn oo dhadhan macaan leh |
| Meesha dhalaalaysa(°C) | 290 (101.3KPa);182 (266KPa) |
| Barta karkarinta(°C) | 20 |
| Cufnaanta qaraabada (20°C) | 1.2613 |
| Cufnaanta uumiga qaraabada (hawo=1) | 3.1 |
| Heerkulka daran (°C) | 576.85 |
| Cadaadis halis ah (MPa) | 7.5 |
| Tusmada dib-u-celinta (n20/D) | 1.474 |
| Viscosity (MPa20/D) | 6.38 |
| Goobta Dabka (°C) | 523 (PT);429 (Muraayad) |
| Barta toosh (°C) | 177 |
| Solubility | waxay nuugi kartaa hydrogen sulfide, hydrocyanic acid, sulfur dioxide.Waxaa lagu sixi karaa biyo, ethanol, 1 qayb ka mid ah badeecada waxaa lagu milmi karaa 11 qaybood oo ah ethyl acetate, oo ku saabsan qaybaha 500 ee ether, oo aan milmayn benzene, disulfide carbon, trichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, ether petroleum, chloroform, saliid.Si fudud u fuuqbaxay, luminta biyaha si ay u sameeyaan bis-glycerol iyo polyglycerol, iwm. Oxidation si ay u abuurto glycerol aldehyde iyo glycerol acid.Ku adkeeya 0°C, samaynta kiristaalo rhombohedral oo leh dhaldhalaal.Polymerisation wuxuu ku dhacaa heerkul ku saabsan 150 ° C.Laguma dari karo anhydrous acetic anhydride, potassium permanganate, asiidhs xoog leh, daxaliyeyaasha, aminyada dufanka leh, isocyanates, walxaha oksida. |
Sharaxaada Alaabta:
Glycerin, oo loo yaqaan glycerol marka loo eego heerarka qaranka, waa mid aan midab lahayn, ur lahayn, macaan-uring walax organic leh muuqaalka ah dareere viscous hufan.Caadi ahaan loo yaqaan glycerol.Glycerol, waxay nuugi kartaa qoyaanka hawada, laakiin sidoo kale waxay nuugtaa hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen cyanide iyo sulfur dioxide.
Hantida Alaabta iyo Deganaanshaha:
1. Midab la'aan, hufan, ur aan lahayn, dareere viscous leh dhadhan macaan iyo hygroscopicity.Isku darka biyaha iyo alkolada, amines, phenols qayb kasta, xal aqueous waa dhexdhexaad.Ku milmay 11 jeer ethyl acetate, qiyaastii 500 jeer ether.Aan ku milmin benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide, ethers petroleum, saliidaha, alkolada dufanka leh ee silsiladda dheer.Gubi kara, waxay sababi kartaa gubasho iyo qarax marka aad la kulanto walxaha oksida ee xooggan sida chromium dioxide iyo chlorate potassium.Waxa kale oo ay dareere wanaagsan u tahay milix iyo gaas badan oo aan organic ahayn.Aan qudhun biraha, waxa lagu dari karaa acrolein marka loo isticmaalo dareere ahaan.
2.Cilmiga kiimikaad: falcelinta esterification oo leh aashito, sida benzene dicarboxylic acid esterification si loo dhaliyo resin alkyd.Dareen-celinta transesterification oo leh ester.Waxay la falgashaa hydrogen chloride si ay u samayso aalkolo koloriin leh.Fuuqbaxa Glycerol wuxuu leeyahay laba siyaabood: fuuqbaxa intermolecular si loo helo diglycerol iyo polyglycerol;fuuqbaxa intramolecular si loo helo acrolein.Glycerol waxay la falgashaa saldhigyo si ay u samayso khamriga.Falcelinta aldehydes iyo ketones waxay soo saartaa acetals iyo ketones.Oxidation leh nitric acid-dilute waxay soo saartaa glyceraldehyde iyo dihydroxyacetone;oxidation leh aashitada xilliyeed waxay soo saartaa formic acid iyo formaldehyde.Oksaydhiyeyaasha xooggan sida chromic anhydride, potassium chlorate ama taabashada potassium permanganate, waxay keeni kartaa gubasho ama qarax.Glycerol wuxuu kaloo ciyaari karaa doorka nitrification iyo acetylation.
3.Aan sun ahayn.Xitaa haddii wadarta guud ee cabitaanka ilaa 100g ee xalalka barafka ah ay tahay mid aan waxyeello lahayn, jidhka ka dib hydrolysis iyo oksaydhation oo noqda ilaha nafaqooyinka.Tijaabooyinka xayawaanka, waxay leedahay saameyn suuxdin la mid ah sida khamriga marka la cabbo qadar aad u badan.
4. Waxa ka jira tubaakada dubista, tubaakada feeraha cad, tubaakada xawaashka, iyo qiiqa sigaarka.
5. Waxay si dabiici ah ugu dhacdaa tubaakada, biirka, khamriga, kookaha.
Codsiga Alaabta:
1. Warshadaha xabagta: waxaa loo isticmaalaa soo saarista xabagta alkyd iyo xabagta epoxy.
2. Warshadaha dahaarka: loo isticmaalo warshadaha daahan si ay u sameeyaan xabagta alkyd kala duwan, polyester resins, glycidyl ethers iyo epoxy resins, iwm.
3. Dharka iyo warshadaha daabacaadda iyo midabaynta: loo isticmaalo in lagu sameeyo saliidaha, nuuga qoyaanka, wakiilka daawaynta yaraynta laalaab-cadayga, wakiilka faafinta iyo wakiilka galinta.
Hababka Kaydinta Alaabta:
1. Ku kaydi meel nadiif ah oo qallalan, waa inaad fiiro gaar ah u yeelataa kaydinta xidhan.Fiiro gaar ah u yeelo qoyaan-celiya, biyo-ilaalinta, exothermic, si adag u mamnuuc isku-darka oksidayaasha xooggan.Waxa lagu kaydin karaa weel qasacadaysan ama ahama.
2. Lagu soo buuxiyay durbaannada aluminium ama durbaannada birta ah ee galvanized ama lagu kaydiyaa taangiyada ay ku daboolan yihiin resin phenolic.Waa in laga ilaaliyo qoyaanka, kulaylka iyo biyaha inta lagu jiro kaydinta iyo gaadiidka.Waa mamnuuc in la isku daro glycerol iyo walxaha oksijiinta ee xooggan (tusaale nitric acid, potassium permanganate, iwm.).Waa in la kaydiyaa oo la raraa si waafaqsan xeerarka guud ee kiimikada guban kara.
Qoraalada Kaydinta Alaabta:
1. Ku kaydi bakhaar qabow oo hawo leh.
2. Ka fogow dabka iyo isha kulaylka.
3.Ka ilaali weelka oo xiran.
4.Waa in si gooni ah loo kaydiyaa maaddooyinka oksida, yaraynta walxaha, alkalis iyo kiimikooyinka la cuni karo, ha isku darin kaydinta.
5.Ku qalabaysan noocyada ku habboon iyo tirada qalabka dab-damiska.
6.Aagga kaydinta waa in lagu qalabeeyaa qalab daawaynta degdega ah ee daadsan iyo agab hoy oo ku habboon.
