Khamriga Methyl | 67-56-1
Xogta Jirka ee Alaabta:
| Magaca Alaabta | Khamriga methyl |
| Guryaha | Dareere guban kara oo aan midab lahayn |
| Meesha dhalaalaysa(°C) | -98 |
| Barta karkarinta(°C) | 143.5 |
| Barta toosh (°C) | 40.6 |
| Biyuhu milmayn | miscible |
| Cadaadiska uumiga | 2.14 (mmHg at 25°C) |
Sharaxaada Alaabta:
Methanol, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan hydroxymethane, waa iskudhis organic ah iyo aalkolada mono-ka ugu fudud ee qaab dhismeedka. Qaabka kiimikada ee ay leedahay waa CH3OH/CH₄O, kaas oo CH₃OH uu yahay qaab-dhismeedka gaaban, kaas oo muujin kara kooxda hydroxyl ee methano. Sababtoo ah waxaa markii hore laga helay distillation qalalan ee alwaax, waxa kale oo loo yaqaan & ldquo; alkohol alwaax & rdquo; ama & ldquo; ruuxa qoryo & rdquo ;. Qiyaasta ugu hooseysa ee sunta afka ee bini'aadamka waa qiyaastii 100mg/kg miisaanka jirka, qaadashada afka ee 0.3 ~ 1g/kg waxay noqon kartaa dhimasho. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa soo saarista formaldehyde iyo sunta cayayaanka, iwm, oo loo isticmaalo soosaarayaasha walxaha organic iyo denaturant khamriga, iwm.
Hantida Alaabta iyo Deganaanshaha:
Dareeraha cad ee aan midabka lahayn, uumiga iyo hawadu waxay samayn karaan isku dhafka qarxa, marka la gubo si ay u soo saaraan olol buluug ah. Heerkulka daran 240.0 ° C; Cadaadiska muhiimka ah 78.5atm, oo lagu khaldi karo biyaha, ethanol, ether, benzene, ketones iyo dareerayaasha kale ee organic. Uumigeedu wuxuu sameeyaa hawo isku dhafan qaraxyo, taasoo keeni karta gubasho iyo qarax marka ay la kulmaan dab furan iyo kulayl sare. Waxay si adag uga falcelin kartaa oksaydhiyaha. Haddii ay la kulanto kuleyl sare, cadaadiska gudaha weelka ayaa kordha, waxaana jira khatar ah dildilaac iyo qarax. Ma jiro holac fudud marka uu gubanayo. Wuxuu ururin karaa koronto taagan oo shidi karta uumiga.
Codsiga Alaabta:
1.One ka mid ah alaabta ceeriin organic aasaasiga ah, loo isticmaalo in wax soo saarka ee chloromethane, methylamine iyo dimethyl sulfate iyo wax soo saarka kale oo badan organic. Sidoo kale waa walxo cayriin ah oo loogu talagalay sunta cayayaanka (cayayaanka, acaricides), daawooyinka (sulfonamides, hapten, iwm.), iyo mid ka mid ah alaabta ceeriin ee isku dhafka dimethyl terephthalate, methyl methacrylate iyo methyl acrylate.
2. Codsiga ugu weyn ee methanol waa soo saarista formaldehyde.
3. Isticmaalka kale ee weyn ee methanol waa soo saarista acetic acid. Waxay soo saari kartaa vinyl acetate, fiber acetate iyo acetate, iwm. Baahidadeedu waxay si dhow ula xiriirtaa rinjiyada, dhejiska iyo dunta.
4.Methanol waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu soo saaro methyl formate.
5.Methanol ayaa sidoo kale soo saari kara methylamine, methylamine waa amine dufan leh oo muhiim ah, oo leh nitrogen dareere ah iyo methanol sida alaabta ceeriin, waxay noqon kartaa discrete iyada oo loo marayo farsamaynta methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, waa mid ka mid ah alaabta kiimikada aasaasiga ah.
6.Waxa lagu soo saari karaa dimethyl carbonate, taas oo ah wax soo saarka deegaanka saaxiibtinimo oo loo isticmaalo daawada, beeraha iyo warshadaha gaarka ah, iwm.
7.Waxa lagu soo saari karaa ethylene glycol, taas oo ah mid ka mid ah alaabta ceeriin dhexdhexaad ah petrochemical oo loo isticmaali karaa in wax soo saarka ee polyester iyo antifreeze.
8.Waxa loo isticmaali karaa in wax soo saarka ee kor u kicinta koritaanka, taas oo faa'iido u leh koritaanka dalagga engegan.
9.Sidoo kale waxaa la midaysan karaa borotiinka methanol, methanol sida alaabta ceeriin soo saaray halsano microbial ee borotiinka methanol waxaa loo yaqaan jiilka labaad ee borotiinada hal-unug, co.mpacasaanka leh borotiinnada dabiiciga ah, qiimaha nafaqada ayaa sarreeya, borotiinka cayriin wuxuu aad uga sarreeyaa kalluunka kalluunka iyo digirta soya, wuxuuna qani ku yahay amino acids, macdano iyo fiitamiino, kuwaas oo loo isticmaali karo halkii kalluunka, digirta soya, cuntada lafaha. , hilib iyo caano la dubay.
10.Methanol waxaa loo isticmaalaa nadiifinta iyo nadiifinta.
11. Loo isticmaalo sida reagent gorfaynta, sida dareerayaasha, reagents methylation, reagents chromatographic. Waxa kale oo loo isticmaalaa in synthesis organic.
12.Usually methanol waa dareere ka fiican ethanol, milmi karaa cusbo badan oo aan organic. Waxa kale oo lagu dhex milmi karaa shidaal sidii shidaal beddel ah. Methanol waxaa loo isticmaalaa soo saarista gaaska octane wax lagu daro methyl tertiary butyl ether, gaaska methanol, shidaalka methanol, iyo borotiinka methanol iyo alaabo kale.
13.Methanol ma aha oo kaliya walxo kiimiko ah oo muhiim ah, laakiin sidoo kale ilaha tamarta iyo shidaalka baabuurta oo leh waxqabad aad u fiican. Methanol wuxuu la falgalaa isobutylene si uu u helo MTBE (methyl tertiary butyl ether), kaas oo ah wax lagu daro gaaska aan la saarin octane sare oo sidoo kale loo isticmaali karo dareere ahaan. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa in lagu soo saaro olefins iyo propylene.
14.Methanol waxaa loo isticmaali karaa si loo soo saaro dimethyl ether. Shidaalka dareeraha ah ee cusub ee laga sameeyay methanol iyo dimethyl ether oo lagu sameeyay qayb gaar ah ayaa loo yaqaan alkohol ether shidaalka. Waxtarka gubashada iyo waxtarka kulaylka ayaa ka sarreeya tan gaaska dareeraha ah.
Qoraalada Kaydinta Alaabta:
1. Ku kaydi bakhaar qabow oo hawo leh.
2. Ka fogow dabka iyo isha kulaylka.
3.Ka ilaali weelka oo xiran.
4.Waa in si gooni ah loo kaydiyaa biyaha, ethanol, ether, benzene, ketones, waana in aan waligood la qasin.
5. Mamnuuci isticmaalka qalabka farsamada iyo qalabka si fudud loo dhalin karo.
Aagga kaydinta waa in lagu qalabeeyaa qalabka daaweynta degdega ah ee daadsan iyo agab hoy oo ku habboon.
