2-Buutane |78-93-3
Xogta Jirka ee Alaabta:
| Magaca Alaabta | 2-Butaanone |
| Guryaha | dareere aan midab lahayn oo leh ur u eg acetone |
| Meesha dhalaalaysa(°C) | -85.9 |
| Barta karkarinta(°C) | 79.6 |
| Cufnaanta qaraabada (Biyaha=1) | 0.81 |
| Cufnaanta uumiga qaraabada (hawo=1) | 2.42 |
| Cadaadiska uumiga oo buuxa (kPa) | 10.5 |
| Kulaylka gubashada (kJ/mol) | -2261.7 |
| Heerkulka daran (°C) | 262.5 |
| Cadaadis halis ah (MPa) | 4.15 |
| Octanol/qaybinta qaybinta biyaha | 0.29 |
| Barta toosh (°C) | -9 |
| Heerkulka dabka (°C) | 404 |
| Xadka qaraxa sare (%) | 11.5 |
| Xadka qaraxa hoose (%) | 1.8 |
| Solubility | Ku milmay biyaha, ethanol, ether, acetone, benzene, micible ee saliidda. |
Guryaha Alaabta:
1.Guryaha Kiimikada: Butanone waxay u nugul tahay falcelinno kala duwan sababtoo ah kooxdeeda carbonyl iyo hydrogen-ka firfircoon ee ku dhow kooxda carbonyl.Uumi wuxuu dhacaa marka lagu kululeeyo hydrochloric acid ama sodium hydroxide si loo sameeyo 3,4-dimethyl-3-hexen-2-one ama 3-methyl-3-hepten-5-one.Marka ay la kulmaan iftiinka qorraxda muddo dheer, ethane, acetic acid iyo alaabada uumiga ayaa la sameeyay.Marka oksaydhka nitric acid, biacetyl la sameeyay.Marka oksidad leh chromic acid iyo oksaydhiyeyaasha kale ee xooggan, acetic acid ayaa la abuuraa.Butanone aad ayuu u deggan yahay kulaylka, oo ka sarreeya 500°Cdildilaaca kulaylka si loo dhaliyo alkenone ama methyl alkenone.Marka lagu qaso aldehyde aliphatic ama aromatic aldehydes, waxay abuurtaa ketones miisaan sare leh, xeryahooda wareegyada, ketones iyo resins, iwm. Tusaale ahaan, marka lagu qaso formaldehyde ee joogitaanka sodium hydroxide, waxay soo saartaa bi-acetyl.Tusaale ahaan, uumiga leh formaldehyde ee joogitaanka sodium hydroxide marka hore waxay soo saartaa 2-methyl-1-butanol-3-hal ka dibna fuuqbaxa si ay u soo saarto ketone methylisopropenyl.Xaruntani waxa ay maraysaa resination marka ay soo gaadho iftiinka qorraxda ama iftiinka ultraviolet.Uumiga leh phenol wuxuu soo saaraa 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) butane.Waxay ka falcelisaa esters aliphatic iyada oo ay jirto kiciye aasaasiga ah si loo sameeyo β-diketones.Acylation leh anhydride joogitaanka kicinta acidic si ay u sameeyaan β-diketone.Ka falcelinta hydrogen cyanide si loo sameeyo cyanohydrin.Waxay la falgashaa ammonia si ay u sameyso derivatives ketoperidine.Atomka α-hydrogen ee butanone si sahal ah ayaa loogu beddelaa halogen si ay u sameeyaan ketones kala duwan oo halogenated ah, tusaale, 3-chloro-2-butanone oo leh koloriin.Isdhexgalka 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine wuxuu soo saaraa jaale 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone (mp 115 ° C).
2. Xasilooni: Xasilooni
3.Waxyaabaha mamnuuca ah:Soxidants xoog leh,wakiilada yaraynta xooggan, saldhigyada
4. Khatarta polymerisation:Aan ahayn polymerisation
Codsiga Alaabta:
1.Butanone waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa sida dareere ah, sida saliidda dewaxing saliidda, warshadaha rinjiga iyo noocyo kala duwan oo dareere resin, habka soo saaridda saliidda cuntada iyo habka sifaynta of azeotropic distillation.
2.Butanone sidoo kale waa diyaarinta daawooyinka, midabada, saabuunta, dhir udgoon, antioxidants iyo qaar ka mid ah kicinta ayaa dhexdhexaad ah, wakiilka anti-desiccant synthetic methyl ethyl ketone oxime, polymerisation kicinta methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, etching inhibitor methyl pentynol, iwm. warshadaha elektiroonigga ah sida sawir-qaadista wareegyada isku dhafan ka dib horumarinta.
3.Waxa loo istcimaalayaa saabuun ahaan, wakiilka wax ka saarista dufanka leh, dardargeliyaha vulcanization iyo falcelinta dhexdhexaadinta.
4.Waxaa loo isticmaalaa in synthesis organic.Loo isticmaalo sida falanqaynta chromatographic walxaha caadiga ah iyo dareeraha.
5. Loo isticmaalo warshadaha elektiroonigga ah, oo caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo sida nadiifinta iyo wasakhaynta.
6.Indheer in si weyn loo isticmaalo sifaynta saliidda, daahan, kaabayaal, xabagta, dheeha, daawooyinka iyo qaybaha elektarooniga ah nadiifinta, iwm, waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa sida dareere ah ee nitrocellulose, vinyl resin, acrylic resin iyo resins kale synthetic.Faa'iidooyinkeedu waa milmi xoog leh iyo isbeddel hoose marka loo eego acetone.Soo saarista saliidaha khudradda, habka sifaynta ee distillation azeotropic iyo diyaarinta dhir udgoon, antioxidants iyo codsiyada kale.
7.Sidoo kale waa walxo ceeriin ah oo loogu talagalay isku-darka organic waxaana loo isticmaali karaa sida dareere.In warshadaha sifaynta saliidda ee saliidda dewaxing saliidda, iyadoo loo isticmaalo dawooyinka, rinjiga, midabada, saabuunta, xawaash iyo elektarooniga ah iyo warshadaha kale.Ku milmi khad dareere ah.Loo isticmaalo waxyaabaha la isku qurxiyo ee loogu talagalay soo saarista ciddiyaha ciddiyaha, sida dareeraha dhibicda karkaraya ee hooseeya, waxay yarayn kartaa viscosity ee ciddiyaha ciddiyaha, qallajinta degdega ah.
8.Used sida dareere, wakiilka dewaxing, sidoo kale loo isticmaalo in synthesis organic, iyo sida alaabta ceeriin ee dhir udgoon synthetic iyo daawooyinka.
Qoraalada Kaydinta Alaabta:
1. Ku kaydi bakhaar qabow oo hawo leh.
2. Ka fogow dabka iyo isha kulaylka.
3. Heerkulka kaydinta waa inuusan dhaafin37°C.
4.Ka ilaali weelka oo xiran.
5. Waa in si gooni ah loo kaydiyaa walxaha oksida,yaraynta wakiilada iyo alkalis,waana inaan marnaba la isku darin.
6.Isticmaal nalalka aan qarxin iyo tas-hiilaadka hawo-siinta.
7. Mamnuuci isticmaalka qalabka farsamada iyo qalabka si fudud loo dhalin karo.
8.Aagga kaydinta waa in lagu qalabeeyaa qalab daawaynta degdega ah ee daadsan iyo agab hoy oo ku habboon.
